In India, the lack of clean water is faced by all sections of society. New Delhi, the capital of India, is a megacity with a population of an estimated 21.72 million[2]. Rapid urbanization, industrialization and an increase in the population of the city have caused an inadequate supply of water amongst the residents of New Delhi.
Introduction
Water Management is defined as “the study, planning, monitoring, and application of quantitative and qualitative control and development techniques for long-term, multiple use of the diverse forms of water resources.”[1] Clean and safe drinking water is a fundamental human right that is being denied to millions worldwide. Not only is it an essential source for survival but also clean and safe drinking water is important for good health standards, growth and development. Nearly 1.2 billion people in the world lack access to safe drinking water and 2.4 billion lack adequate sanitation (Davis, 2005).
In India, the lack of clean water is faced by all sections of society. New Delhi, the capital of India, is a megacity with a population of an estimated 21.72 million[2]. Rapid urbanization, industrialization and an increase in the population of the city have caused an inadequate supply of water amongst the residents of New Delhi. It has been reported “people living in the slums often pay 5-10 times more per liter of water than wealthy people living in the same city.[3]” Currently the three sources of water in Delhi are identified as The Yamuna River, The Municipal Sector and Private Organizations. Water is a luxury, commodity, necessity and therefore a service that should be provided to everyone equally. Clean and safe drinking water is a fundamental human right that unfortunately is being denied to millions due to mismanagement of water supply and services.
“The main source of water for the Capital, the Yamuna, according to the Central Pollution Control Board, falls under the category `E’ which makes it fit only for recreation and industrial cooling, completely ruling out the possibility for underwater life, let alone serve as drinking water.”[4] With the largest source of water in the capital has been declared unfit for use it is hard not to question what the government and municipal bodies and organizations are doing to control and solve this issue. Corruption and bureaucracy at each level of governance make it even harder for those from no or low-income households to demand rights. Every year, water borne and water related diseases become the cause of death of thousands of people living in the city. The lack of education is one of the many factors associated with poor sanitation and the misuse of water.
Despite overall availability of 830-840 Million Gallons Per Day, there are shortages of water in various areas of the Capital. It is mainly because of unequal distribution of water in different areas. In any conventional water conductor system, the localities at the head of the system get more water. Consequently tail end areas receive lesser quantity. On the other hand, planned areas with proper distribution systems receive and utilize more water in comparison to unplanned areas. So as to distribute available water in an equitable manner, the Government has planned construction of 53 additional water storage reservoirs all over Delhi. Throughout the year, particularly during the summer months of May and June, when the temperature exceeds 40°C, different parts of the area face acute water scarcity, because of declining water supply, its intermittence, zonal disparity, degradation of the water resource and inadequate civic facilities .
I present my argument by outlining the existing distribution channels that include the municipal board, private companies and social enterprises by examining their roles to supply clean and safe water and the challenges faced by them to address the commission of providing a sustainable water distribution mechanism. This will be achieved by an in depth analysis of the organizational structure, efficiency of the structure as well as economic, social and environmental sustainability of these distribution channels.
[1] http://www.ec.gc.ca/eau-water/default.asp?lang=En&n=DC49AFC4-1
[2] https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html
[3] http://water.org/learn-about-the-water-crisis/facts/#water
[4] http://hindu.com/2002/06/25/stories/2002062506380400.htm
Be more descriptive, why should be provided equally?
Bring this sentence to the comment 3 above
How is there a mismanagement?
You can remove this, cause you already mention it above
For this paragraph, you should construct it so that you talk about all the negative aspects first and then discuss the positive aspects. Then bring it to close by saying that the positives still aren’t helping the negatives and why
Maybe you don’t need to mention efficiency, as it can come under organizational structure. So your three topic statements could be: 1. Organizational structure 2. Economic and social impacts 3. Environmental sustainability
