Choose and briefly describe one chronic disease or disorder for each of the three systems and explain how the diseases/disorders alter the normal function. Examine potential causes for the disease or disorder and list signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed.

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Ashworth College Week 5 Chronic Diseases and Disorders Discussion
School
Ashworth College

Question Description
Various chronic diseases and disorders can affect our immune, gastrointestinal, and urinary systems, as described in Chapters 14, 15 and 16 of your course text. In your initial post:

Briefly describe the normal function of these three systems and associated organs.
Choose and briefly describe one chronic disease or disorder for each of the three systems and explain how the diseases/disorders alter the normal function.
Examine potential causes for the disease or disorder and list signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed.
Analyze actions people can take to reduce their risk of developing the chronic disease or disorder. Briefly explain how these actions would impact the environment.
Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Use medical terminology, your course text, and at least one additional scholarly resource to support your points. All sources must be referenced and cited according to APA guidelines as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center .

Guided Response: A comorbidity is a co-existing or additional disease to the original disease examined. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, comorbidities are “interactions between the illnesses that affect the course and prognosis of both” (2010, para. 1). Read several of your classmates’ posts and respond to at least two of your peers. Each response will address comorbidities associated with the disease chosen by your classmate. List signs and symptoms associated with the comorbidity. List factors that contribute to the comorbidity’s development as well as steps the person can take to avoid the development of the problem. Each peer response should be at least 100 words in length and should be supported by one scholarly source.

Brief description of the normal function of the immune, gastrointestinal, and urinary systems and associated organs:

Normal function of the Immune system:

Normal function of the Gastrointestinal system:

Normal function of the Urinary system:

Brief description of a chronic disease for the immune, GI, and urinary systems along with information on how normal function is altered/impacted due to the disease:

A chronic disease of the Immune system:

This disease impacts immune system function by

Potential causes for the disease or disorder

Signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed

Actions people can take to reduce their risk of developing this disease

These actions impact the environment by

A chronic disease of thegastrointestinal system:

This disease impacts gastrointestinal system function by

Potential causes for the disease or disorder

Signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed

Actions people can take to reduce their risk of developing this disease

These actions impact the environment by

A chronic disease of the Urinary system:

This disease impacts urinary system function by

Potential causes for the disease or disorder

Signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed

Actions people can take to reduce their risk of developing this disease

These actions impact the environment by

References:

Add citations of your sourced information above. Add references at the end of your work. If you need assistance, please see the Introduction to APA page in the AU Writing Center.

students response

Emilie Mccarthy

Aug 31, 2020 at 5:32 PM

Briefly describe the normal function of these three systems and associated organs:

The Immune System functions consist of a series of cells, chemicals, and barriers that protect the body from invasion by pathogens (Colbert et al. , 2013) The associated organs are Lymphoid Organs, Bone Marrow, Thymus, Lymph Nodes, Spleen, Tonsils, and Mucous membranes. The Gastrointestinal systems functions consist of Ingestion, Mastication Digestion, Secretion, Absorption, and Excretion (defecation) (Colbert et al. , 2013) The associated organs are the Salivary glands, Liver, Gallbladder, and the pancreas. Lastly, the Urinary System functions consist of making urine, thereby controlling the body’s fluid and electrolyte (ion) balance, eliminating waste products, and removing nitrogen-containing wastes, certain salts, and excess water from the blood through excretion. (Colbert et al, 2013) The associated organs are the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Choose and briefly describe one chronic disease or disorder for each of the three systems and explain how the diseases/disorders alter the normal function:

The Immune System: A well-known disease of this system is Immunodeficiency. This disease is the result of a weak immune system that is unable to fight off even mild infections. (Hopkins, 2020)

The Gastrointestinal System: A common disorder of this system is Constipation. This disorder is a result of a person passing less than three bowel movements a week or has difficult bowel movements.

The Urinary System: A common disorder of this system is Urinary Tract Infection. This disorder is the result of an infection in any part of the urinary system, the kidneys, bladder, or urethra.

Examine potential causes for the disease or disorder and list signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed:

The Immune System: Immunodeficiency can be caused by a genetic defect. Signs that this disease has developed are chronic ear infections, meningitis, pneumonia, etc.

The Gastrointestinal System: Constipation is caused by eating foods with low amounts of fiber. Signs that this disorder has developed are the loss of appetite, lethargy, and cramping.

The Urinary System: A Urinary Tract Infection is caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract. Signs this disorder has developed are a burning sensation when you urinate, needing to urinate more frequently, and small amounts of urine.

Analyze actions people can take to reduce their risk of developing the chronic disease or disorder. Briefly explain how these actions would impact the environment:

The Immune System: Gene therapy could help treat Immunodeficiency. No one knows how it affects the environment.

The Gastrointestinal System: Constipation can be treated and cured with more fibrous foods and drinking more liquids. It affects the environment by creating less toxic waste because of how bunched up the person may be.

The Urinary System: An UTI can be treated with antibiotics and cranberry juice or pills. It affects the environment by creating more toxic waste with how much the person with the infection urinates in a day.

References:

Colbert, B. J., Ankney, J., & Lee. K. T. (2013). Anatomy, physiology, & disease: An interactive journey for health professionals (2nd ed.). Boston: MA. Pearson Education.

John Hopkins Medicine. 2020. Disorders Of The Immune System. [online] Available at: [Accessed 31 August 2020].

akota James

Normal function of the Immune system includes the ability to fight pathogens, parasites and fungi within the body, recognize and neutralize harmful substances from the environment, and fight disease causing changes in the body (How Does, 2020).

Normal function of the Gastrointestinal system allows your body to break down food into nutrients. These nutrients are then transferred via the blood stream to provide energy to the muscles. This process begins at the oral cavity where food is softened and moistened for the digestive system

Normal function of the Urinary system allows your body to filter blood and create a waste by-product known as urine. “The kidney and urinary systems help the body to eliminate liquid waste called urea, and to keep chemicals, such as potassium and sodium, and water in balance” (Anatomy, 2020).

Brief description of a chronic disease for the immune, GI, and urinary systems along with information on how normal function is altered/impacted due to the disease: A chronic immune disease like Lyme’s Disease alters your immune system by causing rashes, fevers, headaches, and fatigues; if not treated it can lead to nervous system and heart issues. Celiac Disease is an immune disease that effects the GI system. Patients with Celiac Disease cannot have gluten in their diet since their body responds to this by damaging their small intestine. A disease that can effect your urinary system is bladder cancer. This is cause by abnormal growth of the cells in the bladder and can spread to other organs and lymph nodes within the body and can cause bloody urine, pain, and frequent urination (Bladder, 2020).

References

Anatomy of the Urinary System. (n.d.). Retrieved September 01, 2020, from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/anatomy-of-the-urinary-system

Bladder cancer. (2020, August 08). Retrieved September 01, 2020, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bla…

Celiac Disease | Gluten Intolerance. (2020, June 15). Retrieved September 01, 2020, from https://medlineplus.gov/celiacdisease.html

Shalice Jackson

Sep 1, 2020 at 11:36 PM

Brief description of the normal function of the immune, gastrointestinal and urinary systems and associated organs:

Normal function of the Immune system: To keep the body free of infection. According to PokemanMinecraft (2010), “The immune system attacks one type of microbe, overcomes it and provides future protection against that microbe but no other. This is why we refer to the immune system as a specific defense against invasion.”
Normal function of the Gastrointestinal system: To take in, break down, absorb, and eliminate food that enters the body (Colbert, Ankney, & Lee, 2013).
Normal function of the Urinary system: To make urine, thereby controlling the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance, eliminating waste products, and removing nitrogen-containing wastes, certain salts, and excess water from the body through excretion (Colbert, Ankney, & Lee, 2013).
Brief description of a chronic disease for the immune, GI, and urinary systems along with information on how normal function is altered/impacted due to disease:

A chronic disease of the immune system: Celiac disease

This disease impacts the immune system function by: causing chronic inflammation in the small intestine.

Potential causes for this disease or disorder: Health issues such as surgery, a pregnancy, childbirth, bacterial gastroenteritis, viral infection, or severe mental stress can trigger celiac disease.

Signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed: fatigue, bone or joint pain, arthritis, seizures, migraines, missed menstrual periods, dermatitis, peripheral neuropathy, and infertility.

Actions people can take to reduce their risk of developing this disease. The only way to manage the symptoms of celiac disease is to eat a strict gluten-free diet. There is no medication that treats this disease.

These actions impact the environment by: increasing the risk of death in patients with celiac disease.

A chronic disease of the gastrointestinal system: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

This disease impacts the gastrointestinal system function by: causing the digestive tract not to function as it should.

Potential causes for the disease or disorder: muscle contractions, inflammation in the intestines, severe infection, and changes in bacteria in the gut.

Signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed: abdominal pain, cramping, bloating, excess gas, diarrhea, constipation, and mucus in the stool.

Actions people can take to reduce their risk of developing this disease: self-care to include quitting smoking, avoiding caffeine and foods that make symptoms worse, and getting regular exercise.

These actions impact the environment by: decreasing a person’s quality of life. IBS frequently affects individuals of working age, which can led to an increased financial burden when they are too sick to work.

A chronic disease of the urinary system: Kidney disease

This disease impacts the urinary system function by: preventing the kidneys from absorbing water from the urine to reduce the volume of urine and concentrate it.

Potential causes for the disease or disorder: diabetes and high blood pressure

Signs and symptoms that indicate the disease has developed: urinating at night, fatigue, nausea, itching, muscle twitching. cramps, loss of appetite, confusion, difficulty breathing, and body swelling.

Actions people can take to reduce their risk of developing this disease: make healthy food choices, make physical activity part of daily routine, aim for a healthy weight, and get enough sleep.

These actions impact the environment by: providing limited or lack of access to clinical care.

References:

Colbert, B. J., Ankney, J., & Lee. K. T. (2013). Anatomy, physiology, & disease: An interactive journey for health professionals (2nd ed.). Boston: MA. Pearson Education.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gmic13mvsgoPokemanM… (2010, December 30). Introduction to how the immune system works (Links to an external site.) [Video file].