REL 2032.E1   Life and Teachings of Jesus

1. F. Massey Ph.D.

Assignment 2

Discuss the four individuals traditionally identified as the authors of the gospels (John Mark of Jerusalem, Matthew the Publican, Luke the Physician, and John son of Zebedee). Then, discuss the stylistic traits, characteristics, and unique features of the four gospels (as literature), including theories on which came first and possible sources.  This should be five pages, plus a bibliography. Mention in your discussion any debate you discover as to authorship of any one of these four works.

For this assignment you will need to consult works like Bible Dictionaries, Bible Encyclopedias, Commentaries, and other scholarly New Testament resources. See the Resources list I have provided for recommended library and on-line resources.

Please note:  There are standard rules for writing college papers, as well as how to do footnotes (or text notes) and bibliography. Internet sources need more information in a bibliography than you might realize. If you do not know how to do that, consult a guide for writing college papers.

Write 5 pages with APA style on How Socrates Shows That the Soul Is Immortal.

The first argument which shows that the soul is immortal is the Opposites Argument or the “Cyclical argument”. Through this argument, Socrates explains that as the soul initiates or carries forward the life, it will not cease to exist. As the human physical body can malfunction and eventually perish, it will have an imperishable opposite entity. And it is the soul that can be considered as that imperishable immortal entity. The second argument put forward by Socrates in Phaedo in favor of immortality is the “Theory of Recollection”.

Through this theory, Socrates argues that humans before birth or even at the time of birth possess some non-empirical knowledge. This perspective implies that the soul was residing in some form before birth in an immortal state, and after birth, it is carried continuously without any end. The third argument is the affinity argument. It explains that the human body is visible and mortal, and so there will be a direct opposite, which will be invisible and immortal and that entity is the soul. The final argument of Plato, which supports that the soul is immortal, is “Form of Life”.

Socrates argues that Forms are the initiating factors of all things in the world, and the soul because of its immortality participates in the “Form of Life”, representing that the soul would remain immortal.Seneca penned the moral essay titled, De Brevitate Vitae, translated as “On the Shortness of Life”, to his friend Paulinus. Through this essay, the philosopher brings up many clear-cut concepts regarding the nature of time. Speaking about the life of leisure, Seneca opines that, humans’ uncontrollably waste a part of their lives in search of meaningless pursuits.

In the essay, Seneca points out, that our nature provides us humans, many man-hours to do several really important things. And it is the duty of humans to plan and allot those leisure time appropriately and effectively, to achieve the expected level of success.

Need an research paper on international study presentation. Needs to be 1 page. Please no plagiarism.

Anthropology of the Kikuyu in Africa Being a distinctively large community in Kenya, the community is one of the earliest known inhabitants of the country next to their counterparts the Maasai. Their traditional setting was quite contemporary as they were quite advanced in their systems of governance. In the articles I reviewed they address the interaction of world-known anthropologist and archeologist Louis Leakey. Having been born and brought up within the kikuyu traditional setting his knowledge of the anthropology of the community is impeccable.

This was during the colonization period in which the country had being colonized by the British. Similarities between the two articles:Both articles are on Leakey interacted with the kikuyu people learning their custom, beliefs and ways of life.In both articles, the kikuyu are viewed as a community with a highly developed structure in term of their social setting whereby the interaction between the community members is very close.Differences between the articlesIn the first article is mainly about that Louis Leakey wrote but remained unpublished till after his death while the second one is about his upbringing in the local setting which later molded his archeological career.

In the first article, the kikuyu herbalists are noted to have developed a vaccine against small pox which was long before the evolution of medicine and the settling of the Europeans in their country. In the second article however, this information is not written.In the book that Leakey wrote, it is evident that he had in depth knowledge of the Kikuyu ways of life as he even writes about their customary ways of treating the dead while in the second article, his articulation with the community is shown by the fact that he underwent the customary initiation process.

ReferencesArticle 1. http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/magazine/-/434746/472874/-/item/0/-/ks409f/-/index.html Article 2. http://www.leakey.

2015 EPAS Competencies

Competency 1: Demonstrate Ethical and Professional Behavior

Social workers understand the value base of the profession and its ethical standards, as well as relevant laws and regulations that may impact practice at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels. Social workers understand frameworks of ethical decision-making and how
to apply principles of critical thinking to those frameworks in practice, research, and policy arenas. Social workers recognize personal values and the distinction between personal and professional values. They also understand how their personal experiences and affective reactions in influence their professional judgment and behavior. Social workers understand the profession’s history, its mission, and the roles and responsibilities of the profession. Social Workers also understand the role of other professions when engaged in inter-professional teams. Social workers recognize the importance of life-long learning and are committed to continually updating their skills to ensure they are relevant and effective. Social workers also understand emerging forms of technology and the ethical use of technology in social work practice. Social workers:

• make ethical decisions by applying the standards of the NASW Code of Ethics, relevant laws and regulations, models for ethical decision-making, ethical conduct of research, and additional codes of ethics as appropriate to context;
• use reflection and self-regulation to manage personal values and maintain professionalism in practice situations;
• demonstrate professional demeanor in behavior; appearance; and oral, written, and electronic communication;
• use technology ethically and appropriately to facilitate practice outcomes; and
• use supervision and consultation to guide professional judgment and behavior.

Competency 2: Engage Diversity and Difference in Practice

Social workers understand how diversity and difference characterize and shape the human experience and are critical to the formation of identity. The dimensions of diversity are understood as the intersectionality of multiple factors including but not limited to age, class, color, culture, disability and ability, ethnicity, gender, gender identity and expression, immigration status, marital status, political ideology, race, religion/spirituality, sex, sexual orientation, and tribal sovereign status. Social workers understand that, as
a consequence of difference, a person’s life experiences may include oppression, poverty, marginalization, and alienation as well
as privilege, power, and acclaim. Social workers also understand the forms and mechanisms of oppression and discrimination and recognize the extent to which a culture’s structures and values, including social, economic, political, and cultural exclusions, may oppress, marginalize, alienate, or create privilege and power. Social workers:

• apply and communicate understanding of the importance of diversity and difference in shaping life experiences in practice at the

micro, mezzo, and macro levels;

• present themselves as learners and engage clients and constituencies as experts of their own experiences; and
• apply self-awareness and self-regulation to manage the in influence of personal biases and values in working with diverse clients and constituencies.

Competency 3: Advance Human Rights and Social, Economic, and Environmental Justice

Social workers understand that every person regardless of position in society has fundamental human rights such as freedom, safety, privacy, an adequate standard of living, health care, and education. Social workers understand the global interconnections of oppression and human rights violations, and are knowledgeable about theories of human need and social justice and strategies to promote social and economic justice and human rights. Social workers understand strategies designed to eliminate oppressive structural barriers to ensure that social goods, rights, and responsibilities are distributed equitably and that civil, political, environmental, economic, social, and cultural human rights are protected. Social workers:

• apply their understanding of social, economic, and environmental justice to advocate for human rights at the individual and system levels; and
• engage in practices that advance social, economic, and environmental justice.

Competency 4: Engage In Practice-informed Research and Research-informed Practice

Social workers understand quantitative and qualitative research methods and their respective roles in advancing a science of social work and in evaluating their practice. Social workers know the principles of logic, scientific inquiry, and culturally informed and ethical approaches to building knowledge. Social workers understand that evidence that informs practice derives from multi-disciplinary sources and multiple ways of knowing. They also understand the processes for translating research findings into effective practice. Social workers:

• use practice experience and theory to inform scientific inquiry and research;
• apply critical thinking to engage in analysis of quantitative and qualitative research methods and research findings; and
• use and translate research evidence to inform and improve practice, policy, and service delivery.

Competency 5: Engage in Policy Practice

Social workers understand that human rights and social justice, as well as social welfare and services, are mediated by policy and its implementation at the federal, state, and local levels. Social workers understand the history and current structures of social policies and services, the role of policy in service delivery, and the role of practice in policy development. Social workers understand their
role in policy development and implementation within their practice settings at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels and they actively engage in policy practice to effect change within those settings. Social workers recognize and understand the historical, social, cultural, economic, organizational, environmental, and global influences that affect social policy. They are also knowledgeable about policy formulation, analysis, implementation, and evaluation. Social workers:

• Identify social policy at the local, state, and federal level that impacts well-being, service delivery, and access to social services;
• assess how social welfare and economic policies impact the delivery of and access to social services;
• apply critical thinking to analyze, formulate, and advocate for policies that advance human rights and social, economic, and environmental justice.

Competency 6: Engage with Individuals, Families, Groups, Organizations, and Communities

Social workers understand that engagement is an ongoing component of the dynamic and interactive process of social work practice with, and on behalf of, diverse individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. Social workers value the importance of human relationships. Social workers understand theories of human behavior and the social environment, and critically evaluate and apply this knowledge to facilitate engagement with clients and constituencies, including individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. Social workers understand strategies to engage diverse clients and constituencies to advance practice effectiveness.

8 2015 Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards

Social workers understand how their personal experiences and affective reactions may impact their ability to effectively engage with diverse clients and constituencies. Social workers value principles of relationship-building and inter-professional collaboration to facilitate engagement with clients, constituencies, and other professionals as appropriate. Social workers:

• apply knowledge of human behavior and the social environment, person-in-environment, and other multidisciplinary theoretical

frameworks to engage with clients and constituencies; and

• use empathy, reflection, and interpersonal skills to effectively engage diverse clients and constituencies.

Competency 7: Assess Individuals, Families, Groups, Organizations, and Communities

Social workers understand that assessment is an ongoing component of the dynamic and interactive process of social work practice with, and on behalf of, diverse individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. Social workers understand theories of human behavior and the social environment, and critically evaluate and apply this knowledge in the assessment of diverse clients and constituencies, including individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. Social workers understand methods of assessment with diverse clients and constituencies to advance practice effectiveness. Social workers recognize the implications of the larger practice context in

the assessment process and value the importance of inter-professional collaboration in this process. Social workers understand how their personal experiences and affective reactions may affect their assessment and decision-making. Social workers:

• collect and organize data, and apply critical thinking to interpret information from clients and constituencies;
• apply knowledge of human behavior and the social environment, person-in-environment, and other multidisciplinary theoretical frameworks in the analysis of assessment data from clients and constituencies;
• develop mutually agreed-on intervention goals and objectives based on the critical assessment of strengths, needs, and challenges within clients and constituencies; and
• select appropriate intervention strategies based on the assessment, research knowledge, and values and preferences of clients and constituencies.

Competency 8: Intervene with Individuals, Families, Groups, Organizations, and Communities

Social workers understand that intervention is an ongoing component of the dynamic and interactive process of social work practice with, and on behalf of, diverse individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. Social workers are knowledgeable about evidence-informed interventions to achieve the goals of clients and constituencies, including individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. Social workers understand theories of human behavior and the social environment, and critically evaluate and apply this knowledge to effectively intervene with clients and constituencies. Social workers understand methods of identifying, analyzing and implementing evidence-informed interventions to achieve client and constituency goals. Social workers value the importance of inter- professional teamwork and communication in interventions, recognizing that beneficial outcomes may require interdisciplinary, inter- professional, and inter-organizational collaboration. Social workers:

• critically choose and implement interventions to achieve practice goals and enhance capacities of clients and constituencies;
• apply knowledge of human behavior and the social environment, person-in-environment, and other multidisciplinary theoretical frameworks in interventions with clients and constituencies;
• use inter-professional collaboration as appropriate to achieve beneficial practice outcomes;
• negotiate, mediate, and advocate with and on behalf of diverse clients and constituencies; and
• facilitate effective transitions and endings that advance mutually agreed-on goals.

Competency 9: Evaluate Practice with Individuals, Families, Groups, Organizations, and Communities

Social workers understand that evaluation is an ongoing component of the dynamic and interactive process of social work practice with, and on behalf of, diverse individuals, families, groups, organizations and communities. Social workers recognize the importance of evaluating processes and outcomes to advance practice, policy, and service delivery effectiveness. Social workers understand theories of human behavior and the social environment, and critically evaluate and apply this knowledge in evaluating outcomes. Social workers understand qualitative and quantitative methods for evaluating outcomes and practice effectiveness. Social workers:

• select and use appropriate methods for evaluation of outcomes;
• apply knowledge of human behavior and the social environment, person-in-environment, and other multidisciplinary theoretical frameworks in the evaluation of outcomes;
• critically analyze, monitor, and evaluate intervention and program processes and outcomes; and
• apply evaluation findings to improve practice effectiveness at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels.