Need help with my writing homework on Health Sciences. Write a 750 word paper answering; Tort Reform Tort Reform Torts have been defined as a category of acts that are wrong and are committed against another individual in the absence of a preexisting contract and for which courts are determined to solve. Torts fall under civil law and are viewed by some as a section of the law in need of reform (Buchbinder, &Shanks, 2007). Tort law plays a fundamental role in healthcare delivery services .It encompasses a number of key areas within the healthcare system. These include negligence, intentional torts and infliction of mental torts. Torts have a direct impact on a healthcare institution through these three areas. In the case of negligence, there is need for 4 key factors to be present. The party termed negligent must have duty towards the party that is harmed, there has to be a breach of duty, the harmed must prove damage/injury from the interaction and causation has to be proven. Under tort law it is possible that charges are also brought against the organization under the doctrine of respondent (Buchbinder, &Shanks, 2007). Intentional torts also guide the practice in healthcare. For instance if a surgery is performed on a patient without his or her consent, or keeping a patient under an unnecessary form of restrictive care it is possible to be sued for committing an intentional tort. Invasion of privacy especially with regard to the patient’s medical records is another form of tort. Therefore tort applies in a wide continuum of medical care practices and governs the practice (Buchbinder, &Shanks, 2007). The state of California adopted a tort reform measures at around the 1970’s in response to the increase in costs of medical malpractice insurance. The state imposed caps on the plaintiff’s/victims compensation for those damages that are non economic (they are difficult to quantify). California also placed limits to the contingency fee of attorneys. In particular, the state of California limited the non economic damages in lawsuits of medical malpractice to $ 250,000. The state additionally limits attorney’s contingency fees in the cases of medical malpractice in the following form. For the first $ 50,000 a contingency fee of 40% is charged, for the next $ 50,000, a 33.33% fee is charged, for the next $ 500, 000, a fee of 25% is charged, and a fee of 15% for any amount in excess of $ 600, 000. These caps apply in all the forms of settlement. This means that regardless of the mode of recovery (arbitration, settlement, judgment). In such a case that the award will be paid over a period of time, the court is expected to place a total value on the award/payment to be made based on the estimated life expectancy of the plaintiff. This is then followed by calculation of the contingency fee (Harleston, 2002). Currently, far too many medical malpractice cases occur in the state of California. The cases occur at an alarming frequency. Many of these medial mistakes are preventable and in some cases appear to be way too simple to actually occur. According to statistics by the state of California, approximately 200 hundred cases were reported to involve the forgetting of leaving foreign objects inside patients after performing a surgical procedure. The 200 cases are part of approximately 2,500 reports of adverse events that concern hospitals and the mistakes that they allegedly made with patients (Scarlet Law Group, 2012). In response to the increasing cases of negligence, the state of California decided that all the rules that the plaintiff in a case of medical malpractice had to follow in order to file for damages do not apply to cases that fall under the Elder Abuse and dependent Adult Civil Protection Act. The court said that elder abuse claims go way beyond the professional negligence claims that are often made in medical malpractice lawsuits. The court also noted that individuals who perform egregious acts do not deserve to be afforded similar protection that they would normally receive in a case that deals solely with medical malpractice. According to the definition given by a state appellate court, a dependent adult includes any individual who is aged between 18 and 64 and is admitted as an inpatient within a 24 health facility. As a result of the ruling and changes in the law, many medical practitioners fear an increase in the number of elder abuses in many of the cases of malpractice (Albert, 2004). The California healthcare Association and the California Dental Association expressed fear that these changes would result in an increased attacks in the Medical Injury Compensation Reform Act. This Act is the old tort reform that is responsible for keeping the market of medical liability insurance stable (Albert, 2004). The tightening of the law by the state of California resulted in nearly $ 3,000, 000 in fines. These fines were being levied against hospitals in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San Diego etc. These changes in legislation have resulted in drastic changes in hospitals especially with regard to surgical policies across the state (Scarlet Law group, 2012). References Albert, T.(2004). California tort reform shaken by abuse laws as court creates inpatient loophole. Retrieved from: http://www.ama-assn.org/amednews/2004/05/17/prl20517.htm Buchbinder, S.B., & Shanks, N.H. (2012). Ethics and law. In M. Gartside & T.Reilley (Ed.), Introduction to healthcare management (333-363). Burlington. MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Harleston, J. (2002). Medical malpractice tort reform. Retrieved from: http://www.cga.ct.gov/2002/rpt/2002-R-0782.htm Scarlet Law Group (2012). California medical malpractice issues draw scrutiny from state. Retrieved from: http://www.scarlettlawgroup.com/california-medical-malpractice-issues- draw-scrutiny-from-state.

Provide a 10 pages analysis while answering the following question: Community Oriented Policing. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. Especially in today’s economic environment, attention must be paid to the cost-effective value of Community Oriented Policing, to give the public the perception that although times may be tough, law enforcement is actively engaged with them in their communities and is a visible contributor in this regard. Community Oriented Policing, or COP, is a way of policing that has been expanding functionally and organizationally since its first inception and popularization during the mid-twentieth century. During this era, the interaction between the community and the police force was seen to be improved by community programs that focused on expanding a positive relationship between the community and the police that had previously been tarnished. Lines of communication were opened and police organizational structures began to change to support a more involved approach in terms of community relations. “Goldstein believed that in recognition of the reality of American policing… line officers (would be given) the freedom to develop creative solutions to community problems beyond simply making arrests or doing nothing” (Kane, 2000). Patrol methods changed as community policing became more popular, and officers were paired in teams and sometimes asked to patrol geographically smaller beats that heightened this sense of community relations and communication in terms of reducing the community’s fear of crime and forming a positive dialogue with police officers. Since, COP has grown to include any number of operations and scenarios which are seen to improve the relationship between the police and the community, which is just what is needed in today’s trying times.&nbsp. “Much of the growing literature on community policing tends to be qualitative in nature. That is, success stories are told, but they are accompanied by very little empirical proof” (McKee, 2001).

Write 3 pages with APA style on Gender identity. These stereotype environmental effects also evolve with time as the trends in recent decades have seen changes in gender behaviors and roles. Today, there is an expectation that women will show a more feminist and assertive side, while can now show a more compassionate and softer feminine side (Blakemore et al 23). Rather than reinforcing the aspect of nurture, however, this shows that one should not try too hard to nurture a child to conform to the environment. Therefore, nature must be more important in gender identity development because the child is born with a pre-determined identity. Modern research and science have contended that gender identity is not a choice made consciously. Rather, it is a result of factors in one’s biological make up, such as the difference in size of specific brain areas, genetics, and hormone levels. There is evidence suggesting that genetics plays a critical role in sexual identity. Sexual identity is wired into infant’s brains as they develop because of these genetic factors. For example, there are various genes involved in brain development that are active during sexual organ development. Infants and young toddlers show typical differences in gender identity (Blakemore et al 24), which suggests that gender is the first and most important player in gender identity development. Youngsters will normally start identifying with their gender before they reach mid-childhood (Blakemore et al 32). Their awareness of being a girl or boy starts in the initial year of their life by the tenth month of their lives, especially as they become mildly aware of their genitals. By the time children are two years of age, they begin to realize the physical differences between girls and boys, while it is possible for them to call themselves a girl or boy by the time they are three, acquiring a better and stronger concept of the self-concept. The gender identity of the child is already established and stable by the time they are four years of age (Blakemore et al 32). By this time, it is possible to say that they know that they will always be girls or boys. It is also possible for anyone to observe a behavior and classify it as being “girlish” or “boyish”. For example, without being nurtured, boys prefer playing with toy guns and truck-cars, prefer science and math, are more active physically and more aggressive, and possess better hand-eye coordination and spatial reasoning (Blakemore et al 33). Girls, on the other hand, prefer cooperative play and dolls, have better motor skills, learn to talk and read earlier, and possess more empathy and emotions. Most of these things are inborn and innate without any need to teach them. This shows that nature has an important role in shaping gender identity. Even when parents choose to treat their children in a gender-neutral manner, the results are always according to nature (Blakemore et al 33). For example, a parent who insists on her young girls playing with trucks will find that her daughters refer to the trucks as mommy trucks that are on the way to pick their children from baby-care. On the other hand, a boy given a truck will fill it action heroes, while racing it all over the playing area and making noises of squealing tires.

Compose a 750 words assignment on latin american military history through literature. Needs to be plagiarism free! Indeed the character of the General is largely seen as an amalgam not only of the Venezuelan dictators Gomez and Pinilla, Castro and Franco, but also of many other leaders that have emerged through Latin American history: Peron, Trujillo and a few others (Kennedy). Focusing on the parallel lives of the fictional General and the Venezuelan dictator Gomez, we see in the work that the General’s life mirrored the personal life of Gomez, and in turn, the state that the General ruled in the fictional work mirrors the social and military arrangements in Venezuela during the rule of Gomez. In the fictional work by Marquez the General is portrayed as someone who is totally corrupted by his own power, and through his old age he lived the life of one victimized by the excesses of his own absolute power. His power was vast and extended to control of the various processes of nature. His family and progeny also was vast, as vast as his wealth. Not reason, but the rule of the whimsy, was the operating principle of the General’s leadership for the country. The military, of which he was head, reflected his power, and likewise ruled not on the basis of protecting the interests of the people but that of the state. State-sponsored crime was employed as a means to control the people, the military was the instrument of the crime, and the General sat at the totem pole of this arrangement, directing everything from his lofty perch in order to tighten his grip on power and accumulate his vast wealth (Kennedy. “Juan Vicente Gomez”). The life of the real-life Venezuelan military, and of the real life Gomez, mirrored the fictional military and the fictional General in Marquez’s work.

Hello, I am looking for someone to write an article on Gender and Ethnicity in the Nursing Field. It needs to be at least 1750 words. Special conditions must now be maintained to ensure the proper treatment, and security in certain situations. When dealing with serious medical conditions comforting the patient should be placed in high priority. In this time era after the 911 attacks, the increase in ethnic and gender problems has increased the need for more social knowledge in the nursing field which demands a more positivist approach from the entire nation (Cude, p. 312). Approaches Writing and researching this subject with the positivist approach is best suited for this particular subject. The reason this approach has been chosen is that it is based mostly on the perception of the senses that are the basis of human knowledge. This approach also has the close relation of logic, epistemology, and ethics to determine the best use of method and theory. The method or using written research material is critical in this study. The theory that more cultural education for nurses is needed has been developed from the method of using written research. Using any of the other approach such as the interpretivist approach would be a complete contradiction to the main researching methods. The interpretivist approach requires many specific interviews really not necessary for this particular study. although, many interviews, and observations can still contribute to this information it will not show as many facts as quickly as the positivist approach (Griffore, p. 134). The ontologist approach would also be a useful choice for this paper as it does examine the basic nature of being, and would contribute many personal beliefs to the research. however, the main focus of this document is the concentration of the stated facts, and a positive approach for all of the problems that exist with this particular subject (Polit, p. 145). Even though the interpretivist, and ontologist approach can be translated into a very positive-based research, this paper is focusing on the factual problems, and positive solutions. Rather than including personal beliefs and experiences this research is based on written documents collected from many valuable sources (Racine, p. 143). Problems in Nursing Ensuring the correct Nursing duties to the public is now becoming even harder than it has been in the past. With the many problems concerning race, ethnicity, religion, cultures, families, and beliefs, the nursing staff today has to be very aware of what is going on around them. Many disagreements and fights have started because of these issues that everyone should now be aware of. The value of personal freedom concerning democracy and fundamental human rights is viewed as mandatory conditions that must be met for each individual patient. Full awareness of cultural identity is very important for nurses these days. Also being able to understand the correct dialogue is critical in dealing with some types of people. Nurses should be trained to recognize the many cultures of society so they will be able to deal with them properly, and to ensure compliance in every situation that may arise.If the nurses are able to communicate at a more respectable level with all of their patients it will create a much have caused a continually growing hatred for certain customs which are also related to many immigrants now coming into the United States. Guidelines There have now been many standards developed to help people understand the treatment system of the hospitals.