I need some assistance with these assignment. the direction of happiness Thank you in advance for the help! In the following graph, line A and line B refer to the subjective perception of a man’s happiness, which can be faulty also.

From a very subjective perspective, each of the modes of happiness, indicated by lines A and B, can be true for particular individuals. But they cannot be considered modes of happiness that are commonly perceived by all or most people since both are the excluded ends of the nature of happiness. Also though Nozich’s proposition about the nature of happiness is true to a great extent, his supposition of the excluded ends of happiness is, to a certain extent, faulty because the line “B” does not truly represent the subjective portions of happiness in its true sense. After all, his proposition about “the more” in the perception of happiness is fundamental in nature because his proposition about the subjective fills on the objective structure of happiness renders a sense of completeness to the nature of happiness.

In the abovementioned graph, lines A and B refer to the same amount of pleasure in opposite directions. While along with line A, happiness increases, it decreases along line B. Now Nozick argues that people will not choose both of them though they are equal. According to Nozick, the fact that people do not choose them equally is the “narrative direction.” Nozick assumes that most people will prefer A to B because the first line infers a positive “narrative direction” about the prospect of happiness. They will decline from B because it infers a negative prospect of happiness. In fact, though Nozich endeavors to assign any objective structure to happiness, both lines A and B are subjective because of this narrative direction. This preference essentially shows that people want that experience or perception of happiness should come upon a person in a certain patterned way. If happiness is the outcome of the pleasures of body and mind, then the way of being pleased is also an important factor.

I need help creating a thesis and an outline on Kantianism and Utilitarianism. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. This paper will focus on evaluating a euthanasia case of Brophy, using utilitarianism and Kantianism. Brophy is a patient in persistent vegetative state, whose wife expressed the intent of carrying out passive euthanasia.Kantianism. Immanuel Kant described a deontological ethical philosophy titled as ‘Kantianism’. He made it evident that in his view, duty, good will, and moral worth were critical aspects in determining of the action taken. In his view, one could only settle on morally worth decisions when guided by goodwill and duty. He opined that duty was the only reason that should motivate an ethical action (Abel 24). According to him, human beings are moral agents that should use reasoning while making ethical decisions. He highlighted that certain maxims were critical as guidelines of making ethical decisions. These principles were the product and reason and were namely duty, goodwill, and categorical imperative. Goodwill is a critical moral maxim because he highlighted that without goodwill, any positive trait or action does not qualify to be good (46). Therefore, the will determining why an individual carries out a certain action cannot receive underestimation in deontology. He advanced his views to highlight that the only way in which an individual could exhibit good will was through taking action out of duty.In Kant’s definition, good will denotes the ability of human beings in taking decisions based on principles.

Complete 16 pages APA formatted article: Igneous Intrusions in the Continental Crust.

As the magma rises, various features can be formed. The magma below the surface is gradually pushed up from deep within the earth into fissures, and in some instances, it is even pushing the existing country rock out of its path. The process usually takes millions of years. Magma is a mixture of gas, crystals, and liquid rock. Magma is generally linked with various chemical compositions, and high temperature, as well as fluid properties. They are also less dense in comparison to the surrounding rocks explaining why they move upward. If the magma makes it to the surface, it forms extrusive igneous intrusions.

On the other hand, if it solidifies before reaching the continental surface, they form intrusive igneous. It implies that the igneous intrusions are formed as a result of the cooling and solidification of the magma before reaching the earth surface. The igneous rocks have coarse grains. This is because of the slow cooling of the magma, which also results in the formation of the phaneritic texture. The intrusive igneous rock formations are only manifested due to erosion and weathering. To that effect, drawing on a variety of sources, the paper will discuss igneous intrusion on the continental crust.

Discussion

There are various forms of igneous intrusions on the continental crust formed as a result of cooling and solidification of the magma before reaching the earth surface. Over time, they are often visible on the Earth surface. The magma moves through the fractures and joints, as well as between the crystals of the solid rock of the crust. When it attains its freezing temperatures, it crystallizes. The structures formed beneath the Earth’s surface after the crystallization of magma include sills, dikes, stock, batholiths, laccoliths, phytoliths, and volcanic neck/pipe.

Write a 2 pages paper on see the attachment. THE OSHA ACT THE OSHA ACT The Occupational Safety and Health Act (Halbert & Ingulli 2008) came into existence in 1970. This was when the Congress enacted it to assist in governing the health sector. The aim of enacting these laws was to ensure that the health officers provide adequate care, and an environment that creates freedom from toxins and accidents. The government was trying to protect its people from the hazards that threaten the provision of safe health care to patients. Majorly, the laws would assist the government to monitor the operation of the private health providers. In the act, health provider should seek measures that preserve and protect human resources. It created enforcers would oversee that health providers follow the rules and regulations in their daily operations. However, since its enactment, there are few success stories associated with it.

It has become expensive for companies to meet the requirements of the OSHA act. The rules, that the act issues have increased operating costs, making it difficult for companies to run affordable. In the case of violation, the company pays hefty fines within a restricted amount of time. There are additional fines for all the days that the company is unable to make right the violations. Such violation includes workplace accidents, which could be very often. It becomes difficult for companies to operate in such conditions. Mandatory employer compliance becomes a setback to people who want to start a company. This discourages entrepreneurship as entrepreneurs have a difficult time to try to play it safe (Halbert & Ingulli 2008).

The regulations have increased tension between workers and employees. Although it is good to ensure that workers have proper working conditions and protection, some workers tend to take this event to their advantage. Over the years employees have taken advantage of the laws to punish employers who detest them. This is because the laws are employee friendly, making them liable to abuse from the workers. Employers have little room to have an explanation for accidents that may occur in the company. Some accidents may be because of the employees’ ignorance and carelessness, making the company to suffer for no good reason. The National Labor Relations act contains rules giving the employees excess power over work related issues. Therefore, with employees in control of the workplaces, employers have a hard time in running a company (Halbert & Ingulli 2008).

The OSHA laws interfere with employment of workers in the private sector. Private companies hire workers depending on the amount available to pay them. When the employees realize that the company is a high-risk one, they may demand more salaries, or opt to take a job in another low risk company. In addition, OSHA tends to lower the utility of the workers who decide to work in higher risk companies. Such utilities lower the wages that the employees would get. In the end, the employers face difficulty in acquiring employees at affordable rates (Halbert & Ingulli 2008).

In conclusion, the OSHA laws, as described above, have been a disadvantage to the private sector. The private sector bares all the losses that the laws come with. The laws are slightly harder for the private companies as compared to other government companies. Therefore, with the discussion stated above, it is clear that the OSHA laws are out to hunt down the private companies.

Reference

Halbert, T., Ingulli, E. (2008). Law and Ethics in the Business Environment. New York: Cengage Learning.

I need help creating a thesis and an outline on Changes in Global Justice and International Order. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. Whereas justice seems to have made tremendous developments in realizing several important milestones when compared with past experiences with justice, a skewed implementation among certain global societies open criticism of the current justice system.&nbsp.

From different perspectives, the developments in the international order and justice possess positive attributes as it does bear negative connotations. Among the most celebrated developments that every individual living in the current civilization would gladly acknowledge is the upholding of democracy and the elimination of hardcore dictatorial regimes. In the mid 20th Centuries, reorganization of the global community and subsequent inception of global organizations, most notably the League of Nations which bore the current United Nations paved the way for a different paradigm in global politics2. A cohesive watch on every corner of the world by every stakeholder in the United Nations ensured that justice and political responsibility continue to form fundamental yardstick to measure liberation levels of society. Despite the developments in political and social scenes that the global attention was directed into, rooted economic interest forms part of the policy fronts that nations protect in order to remain sustainable. Cooperation in socioeconomic and political fronts at the international level presents a triad of factors that determine how nations rank in delivering justice to the citizenry.

At the international level, the ground continues to level for players to cross the borders to explore the opportunities available away from their motherland.