You will prepare and submit a term paper on Data Mining. Your paper should be a minimum of 1000 words in length. The more the business understands why some of its customers are loyal and how it can continue to retain and attract customers from different segments, the more the business will be able to come up with compelling offers and messages that are relevant. Predictive analytics results in an analytical framework which helps in the prediction of product preferences and customer buying habits required in the discovery of meaningful relationships and patterns in the customer data so as to accomplish better market targets and drive customer loyalty and value (Turkey, 1997). Association discovery can be employed in a business to determine the affinity patterns of its products. This information is important in optimizing the manner in which the business orders are picked and accumulated from their centers of distribution. The same information obtained through association discovery can be based on to generate dynamic rules which would permit business orders to be picked or accumulated taking into consideration the chances of another order that is identical occurring in a span of few days. The outcome of such an optimization is that decisions take less time thus substantially saving on the business costs (Agresti, 2002). Web mining allows the business to sift through information regarding the market situation so as to identify where the market value is. Such discoveries will help the business come up with new opportunities as the business with such information will have the ability to implement parallel processing systems and high performances as it is in a position to analyze large data in a very short time. The business can also make use of data mining to try out different business models to best understand the market situation and adapt to it. Such information also helps the business in making better predictions (Witten and Eibe, 2011). The clustering of information using data mining related to customers have served as important networks to business in the process of handling numerical market data. The market is normally the main target for any business when it comes to information clustering. This data mining technique helps the business segment potential customers on the basis of given sets of attributes. The technique also helps businesses to adapt the best operation methods through discovering market facts that are hidden giving the business an added advantage when it comes to its competitive position. The business will also be in a position to understand better what their customers really need and want. 2. Assess the reliability of the data mining algorithms. Decide if they can be trusted and predict the errors they are likely to produce Data mining algorithms is one of the main methods used in the exploration of linkages and relationships among sets of data. Such algorithms have been relied on by many businesses as they are believed to have the ability of reducing computational efforts and are in a position to deal with structural system’s failure mode. Despite data mining algorithms being viewed as being highly accurate and efficient in their operation, the algorithm has been associated with a number of identification, exploration and exploitation errors. Reliability is seen in the way any given data mining model operates on different sets of data.

Write 1 page with APA style on Bilingualism in Politics in the United States. Bilingualism in Politics in the United s The United s of America experiences the highest rates of immigration. English is the first language of most American nationals. Majority of the non-English speaking Americans are the Hispanic Americans mainly composed of Dominicans, Cubans, Puerto Ricans, and the Mexican Americans. Their similarity is that they all speak Spanish yet are different in other aspects of life (Schaefer, 2006). The high Hispanic number poses a great dilemma of whether to support multilingual politics or not. Multilingualism raises a question of whether the US as a nation should have Italian, German, Chinese, Spanish or even Iranian senators (Schaefer, 2006). Some people argue that multilingualism in politics will create confusion among the people because voting is used to determine senate members and the president. This poses a threat to the American presidential candidates because the Hispanic vote is influential. Presidential candidates have been keen to appeal to the Hispanic voters because they are concentrated in Texas, Illinois, California, Florida and New York, the key states carrying more than half votes required to win the presidency (Schaefer, 2006). Allowing multilingualism in politics may create the impression that illegal immigrants have the right to vote hence threatening the vote power of the natives. Some citizens however support multilingualism and political candidates who support it like for example president Obama. With regard to laws, the natives feel that the US state and federal laws eventually should change so as to reflect specific privileges accorded to the immigrants (Schaefer, 2006). However, a large section of the Hispanics cannot vote because they have not attained US citizenship Hispanic communities have different political organizations reflecting their diverse needs. The Congressional Hispanic Caucus is currently working on the issues that affect the Hispanics constituencies though the members often disagree due to differences in the Hispanic communities (Gutierrez et al, 1995). The issue of multilingualism in the US is greatly debatable and is yet to gain momentum due to fast growing numbers of Hispanic and other communities. Multilingualism has the advantage of ensuring that the Hispanics are protected due to substantial representation in the senate and allow them to make great political strides and gains as indicated by their vote power. References Gutierrez D., Walls G. and Mirrors F. (1995) Mexican Americans. Mexican Immigrants and the Politics of Ethnicity in the American Southwest. Berkeley: University of California: Online.http://www.americansc.org.uk/Online/garcia.htm Retrieved on 11th January 2011 Schaefer R. (2006). Racial and Ethnic Groups. (10th Ed.) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Provide a 67 pages analysis while answering the following question: A Qualitative Examination of Pharmaceutical Business Service Outsourcing to the Middle East. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. The central problem explored in this dissertation involves the potential importance of the Middle Eastern region as an offshore outsourcing destination for pharmaceutical industry BPO. Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), in which businesses assign designated functions to external service providers, has become an important operating model that facilitates the organization, streamlining and focus of businesses to achieve maximal profitability in the context of optimal productivity (Brown & Wilson, 2008). Business areas that are most frequently outsourced include a vast group of services including payroll, employees’ benefits management, human resources, financial and accounting services and claims processing. Global pharmaceutical companies have increasingly looked to BPO as a model for streamlining their operations and as a way to devote maximal internal resources to their core functions involving the development of new pharmaceutical agents (Brown & Wilson, 2008). The pharmaceutical industry is uniquely positioned to engage in BPO, as its market has become increasingly global and as the size of many pharmaceutical companies requires efficient and streamlined organizational plans to facilitate optimal business management practices (Chakrabarty, 2008). Global pharmaceutical companies currently engage in the above cited areas of BPO, and increasingly have begun to pursue outsourcing of core areas of research and development to smaller companies with highly specialized capabilities (Chakrabarty, 2008).

Write 3 pages with APA style on Gender identity. These stereotype environmental effects also evolve with time as the trends in recent decades have seen changes in gender behaviors and roles. Today, there is an expectation that women will show a more feminist and assertive side, while can now show a more compassionate and softer feminine side (Blakemore et al 23). Rather than reinforcing the aspect of nurture, however, this shows that one should not try too hard to nurture a child to conform to the environment. Therefore, nature must be more important in gender identity development because the child is born with a pre-determined identity. Modern research and science have contended that gender identity is not a choice made consciously. Rather, it is a result of factors in one’s biological make up, such as the difference in size of specific brain areas, genetics, and hormone levels. There is evidence suggesting that genetics plays a critical role in sexual identity. Sexual identity is wired into infant’s brains as they develop because of these genetic factors. For example, there are various genes involved in brain development that are active during sexual organ development. Infants and young toddlers show typical differences in gender identity (Blakemore et al 24), which suggests that gender is the first and most important player in gender identity development. Youngsters will normally start identifying with their gender before they reach mid-childhood (Blakemore et al 32). Their awareness of being a girl or boy starts in the initial year of their life by the tenth month of their lives, especially as they become mildly aware of their genitals. By the time children are two years of age, they begin to realize the physical differences between girls and boys, while it is possible for them to call themselves a girl or boy by the time they are three, acquiring a better and stronger concept of the self-concept. The gender identity of the child is already established and stable by the time they are four years of age (Blakemore et al 32). By this time, it is possible to say that they know that they will always be girls or boys. It is also possible for anyone to observe a behavior and classify it as being “girlish” or “boyish”. For example, without being nurtured, boys prefer playing with toy guns and truck-cars, prefer science and math, are more active physically and more aggressive, and possess better hand-eye coordination and spatial reasoning (Blakemore et al 33). Girls, on the other hand, prefer cooperative play and dolls, have better motor skills, learn to talk and read earlier, and possess more empathy and emotions. Most of these things are inborn and innate without any need to teach them. This shows that nature has an important role in shaping gender identity. Even when parents choose to treat their children in a gender-neutral manner, the results are always according to nature (Blakemore et al 33). For example, a parent who insists on her young girls playing with trucks will find that her daughters refer to the trucks as mommy trucks that are on the way to pick their children from baby-care. On the other hand, a boy given a truck will fill it action heroes, while racing it all over the playing area and making noises of squealing tires.

Compose a 2250 words assignment on the notion that the sovereign territorial state came to dominate international politics following the peace of westphalia is a myth. Needs to be plagiarism free! Having begun in May 1618, the series of wars involving the Austrian Monarchy, the Holy Roman Empire and practically the whole Europe, which became known as the Thirty years’ War, was brought to an end by the Treaty of Westphalia, aka the Westphalian settlement – complex two-part parallel negotiations concluded in October 1648 (Williams, 1980. Watson, 1992).

Osiander (2001) points out that, according to the standard view, the Thirty Years’ War had been a struggle between two main parties. On the one side there were the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and the Spanish King, both being members of the Habsburg dynasty and loyal to the Pope and the Catholic Church (Osiander, 2001). On the other side there appeared the protestant kings of Denmark and Sweden, the King of France, Protestant German princes, the Dutch Republic etc., who presumably rejected the imperial power, along with the authority of the Pope, defending instead the sovereignty of all states (Osiander, 2001. Watson, 1992).

The end of the Thirty Years’ War, as marked by the Peace Treaty of Westphalia, is widely regarded as the start point for of the international system (Osiander, 2001). Gross (1948), for example, writes that the Peace of Westphalia has had a lasting influence on international law and policy for over three centuries. In other words, as Watson (1992) points out, the Westphalian settlement not only legitimised “a commonwealth of sovereign states”, being a triumph of the state “in control of its internal affairs and independent externally”, but also was held to provide a fundamental and comprehensive charter for Europe.

Nevertheless, there are rather different verdicts, like the one of Dame Veronica Wedgwood, stating that “the peace was totally ineffectual in settling the problems of Europe” (Watson, 1992). This paper reviews the achievements of the Treaty of Westphalia, which constituted the “Westphalian” system, or framework, with the concept of sovereignty at its core (Osiander, 2001), to establish whether it was so successful in bringing about a new world order that eventually brought about the birth of the United Nations. Historical Background The Holy Roman Empire was founded in the year 800 AD when the Frankish king, Charlemagne, was crowned by Pope Leo III (Wilson, 2011). Emperor Charlemagne greatly expanded the Empire’s territory to the east, especially along the Baltic shore. thus, by the late fifteenth century, the core area of the Empire covered that of modern Germany and Austria, as well as Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands (Wilson, 2011). The Empire formally included Switzerland – although its exact constitutional position had been a matter of certain controversy – as well as the kingdom of Bohemia (the territory of present-day Czech Republic) with its dependencies of Moravia, Lusatia and Silesia. along with Lorraine, Alsace and other areas to the west (Wilson, 2011). Additionally, the cities and principalities of Northern Italy constituted a region known as Imperial Italy, which was formally part of the Empire (Wilson, 2011). The Catholic Church and the Pope had played a vital role in the Holy Roman Empire from its very inception, being the supreme authority in religious matters (Wilson, 2011. Munck, 2005). After the death of Emperor Charlemagne, the vast territory of the Holy Roman Empire had been divided into separate regions, namely Germany, France, and Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands (Wilson, 2011. Munck, 2005). During the following centuries, the composition of the Holy Roman Empire had been a loose configuration of more than three hundred principalities, alongside nearly one thousand political units with quasi-autonomous power, including free imperial cities (Munck, 2005).