E-Tronics will be executing a reduction in force (RIF). Upon the last review, the HR Director notices that 95% of the justification is sound. However, there appears to be a greater impact on a small group of employees over the age of 40. How should the HR Director handle the situation?

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  1. During the HR Manager’s audit at the India plant, The HR manager also discovered that the plant has not traditionally utilized any form of progressive discipline. Managers keep track of issues in their own way without any formalized process. Now that the plant is part of a global, publicly traded company, the lack of processes puts the entire organization at risk for several areas of compliance. How can HR add value in this context?
    • HR stands in position to hold operational managers accountable for their jobs. In this case, appropriate discipline needs to be given to these managers for not abiding by any standard process.
    • HR has to evaluate situations in unison with the Legal and Quality departments. All share accountabilities for operational risk and all need to get together for a cross-functional response to the situation.
    • The exit process for employment can be lengthy and present too much risk to a business if not handled well. HR is able to assess risk, make recommendations for process improvement, and execute strategic plans.
    • HR has a commitment to creating the best employee experience, which stops employees exiting from a business. When processes are not well thought out, the most detrimental impact is first felt by employees.
  2. Bookmark question for laterIn smaller businesses, when departments are not as well defined and have fewer people, business leaders from any discipline will frequently perform terminations. This is not ideal. As companies grow, why should they place ultimate accountability on HR to manage the termination process?
    • Some state laws require HR to manage the process, so most companies have to adopt an overarching policy for HR to run and manage the process.
    • HR prevents former employees from filing any type of lawsuit by ensuring a zero litigation policy.
    • HR isn’t always the best department to run an effective termination. If a relationship between manager and subordinate is really personal, managers in these situations tend to run much more effective separation discussions.
    • The termination process, while difficult for management, is even worse for the individual. HR possesses the necessary skills in handling these delicate procedures and knows how to mitigate risk.
  3. Bookmark question for laterDuring times of global financial crises such as in 2008 and 2020, many companies were faced with loss of revenue and subsequently had to take a closer look at operating expenses and the potential of reducing headcount as one means to stay above water. For publicly traded companies, decisions in this realm draw the attention of many outsiders such as the press, customers, and shareholders. How can HR provide strategic value in situations like this?
    • As HR has ultimate ownership of recruitment efforts, it stands in the best position to know how many people will need to be rehired again once the economic downturn ends.
    • HR has the knowledge, skills, and ability to manage complex employment situations and advise the business through time of established procedures that ensure fairness.
    • Because HR knows the voice of employees, it is able to obtain feedback from all employees quickly to understand what decisions can be made.
    • HR can best assess how social media responses will impact the business’s reputation. HR typically reviews sites such as FaceBook, LinkedIn, and Glassdoor.
  4. Bookmark question for laterE-Tronics will be executing a reduction in force (RIF). Upon the last review, the HR Director notices that 95% of the justification is sound. However, there appears to be a greater impact on a small group of employees over the age of 40. How should the HR Director handle the situation?
    • The HR Director should put a hold on the process until E-Tronics achieves 100% accuracy in ensuring there is no disparate impact to any legally protected group. The HR Director should also create documentation for legal precedence to ensure there is no disparate impact.
    • The HR Director should meet with the small group of employees over the age of 40 and seek volunteers from the group that will agree to an early retirement plan.
    • The HR Director should not pause the situation because doing so will cost the company potentially hundreds of thousands more in lost costs. These issues can be cleaned up for the second round of reductions.
    • The HR Director should realize that 95% accuracy is actually better than most businesses in the real world. There are no risks to executing a RIF with this high degree of justification.
  5. Bookmark question for laterDuring the COVID-19 Pandemic of 2020, E-Tronics began weighing options for controlling or cutting costs due to lower revenue and profitability. Senior leadership has requested HR to conduct an analysis and come back with the best way to manage their human capital costs. HR leaders know that from the most recent engagement survey, 7% of the workforce indicated they are ready to retire in the next 1–3 years. Given this information, what is the best option to pursue?
    • Forced ranking; this intense process evaluates employees peer-to-peer and will highlight objectively which employees are ranked at the very bottom and should be let go.
    • Temporary Workers; the move to temporary workers will decrease overall costs and allow the company to let go of workers immediately without the burden of legal process.
    • Early Retirement; this provides a convenient and satisfactory way for meeting expectations of a reduction in force (RIF).
    • Job Sharing; this allows two people to share one role, creates greater efficiencies across the department, and reduces cost.
  6. Bookmark question for laterAt a plant in California, the leadership team is reviewing closure options and has sought external guidance from a national consulting firm that specializes in plant closures for government agencies. As E-Tronics has a few government contracts, one in California, the company thought it prudent to engage with this consulting firm for advice. Why is this a potential problem?
    • During times of plant closures, the last thing the company needs is to pay exorbitantly high consulting fees. Most expenses should be geared towards employee outplacement efforts.
    • California’s laws governing plant closure and notification require additional cost saving measures as outlined in the states collective bargaining agreement.
    • The internal HR leadership team would advise local leadership that relevant acts such as WARN do not apply to state, local and federal governments. Working with this consulting firm may not produce the accurate, relevant facts needed.
    • The company cannot notify any third party about the company’s plans to shut down one of the facilities until it is more than 60 days out.
  7. Bookmark question for laterDuring national economic crises, the private sector occasionally looks to the government for specific answers and legislation regarding layoffs and other economic incentives. However, the information doesn’t come as fast as they need it to. Small companies in particular are put in a position where they must act quickly to stay above water. Business leaders panic because they need answers quickly but have no reliable information. Why is the HR profession so necessary in times like this?
    • HR professionals register with the state to receive time-sensitive initiatives and legislation, making them the most informed people within business.
    • HR professionals are frequently involved in litigation and can therefore connect with law offices and understand the legal landscape and risk of any employment related decision.
    • HR is able to connect with state legislators quickly because they are typically involved in employment related legislation decisions.
    • HR professionals have the ability to act in an agile manner and interpret legal processes or apply functional knowledge to make decisions that benefit both the business and the employees, while adhering to all relevant legislation.
  8. Bookmark question for laterUnfortunately, some managers within organizations purposefully make an employee’s situation miserable with direct intent to force the employee out. This is due to many circumstances such as collective bargaining agreements where a union is represented, specific contract language, or tenure policies. Because of these elements, many managers aren’t able to terminate under regular conditions and will sometimes commit themselves to unethical practices. How can HR minimize unhealthy and potentially illegal situations like this?
    • HR is the sole representative during any legal proceeding and bears the burden of proving guilt for the company.
    • HR plays a dual role in advocating on behalf of employees and also acting as a representative of the company. A good HR professional must leverage company resources while watching out for the individual.
    • HR is able to conduct frequent investigations ensuring they enforce appropriate conduct within the business.
    • HR is able to review comments from engagement surveys and identify which managers have been acting unethically. They are able to then act on appropriate disciplinary actions.
  9. Bookmark question for laterDuring the same timeframe as the COVID-19 pandemic, Advanced Hero was also reviewing its profitability as a company. While the company was fortunate enough not to be facing as severe a financial decline, it was engaged in looking at alternative options for cost-saving. Which of the following should the HR department recommend?
    • Rescinding offers for non-essential positions, thereby enabling the most important work to still be completed
    • Freezing compensation in a hybrid format, such as freezing salaries as these wages are higher but allowing hourly rates to continue on unencumbered
    • Outsourcing certain work where labor costs and fees are not as high externally, where much of the outsourced work can be non-essential
    • Requiring temporary furloughs to all employees and staggering the weeks of leave, where all employees including the CEO are in scope and the work impact is minimized
  10. Bookmark question for laterDuring difficult termination processes, companies utilize certain documents and legal processes to make the situation better for all parties involved. Why is a release of claims document frequently used by HR in the termination process?
    • It allows the company to recoup costs associated with sign on bonuses, relocation packages, etc.
    • It allows all tangible assets to be retained by the company for industries that make tangible products such as manufacturing and textiles.
    • It allows the individual to receive additional severance pay while voiding any potential claim of litigation.
    • It allows all proprietary information to still be legally bound to the company and not to the employee or former employee.
  11. Bookmark question for laterMike is a senior executive at Advanced Hero and has been in his current role for 12 years. The Board of Directors has been closely monitoring his input and interactions with others for the last year because of the friction between him and the other executives regarding business direction and strategy. The Board of Directors concluded that it needs to make a decision, so it seeks the advice of the Chief Human Resource Officer (CHRO) for guidance. Which of the following details should the CHRO consider?
    • Certain bona fide executives and policymakers that meet specific criteria are able to be forced into retirement. Even though Mike is 65, Advanced Hero can legally force him into retirement.
    • Executive compensation provides certain protections from employment-related decisions. The CHRO will have to conduct a compensation analysis to see if Mike’s pay is above or below the thresholds for these protections.
    • Even when job deficiencies exist, a company cannot terminate an employee over the age of 40 because job performance is not an exception to the ADEA rules. The board must find a legal, alternative path to separation.
    • The Board first has to obtain a majority vote by shareholders in order to prematurely terminate a senior executive. Once shareholders are notified of an emergency vote, they have 21 days to validate the termination proposal.
  12. Bookmark question for laterSamantha and a few other employees with over 30 years tenure at E-Tronics were presented an early retirement release. During the review period, Samantha noticed that some of her peers within the same group impacted began pressuring her to sign the release. Some even left disrespectful messages in her inbox and on her and desk. She claims that because relevant information was shared to those impacted, her peers are pressuring her to sign the release so some of them don’t have to lose their jobs. What should the HR Director consider in reviewing this complaint?
    • The OWBPA dictates that employees who agree to and sign an early retirement release have between 21 and 45 days to file any incident of harassment if it is to be legally recognized by the EEOC before retirement.
    • The OWBPA dictates that employees who agree to and sign an early retirement release waive any and all legal claims after 45 days of retirement. Claims made before this period are reviewed by the company’s legal counsel under the terms of ADEA.
    • The OWBPA dictates that employees who agree to and sign an early retirement release waive potential claims under the ADEA. However, employees cannot be expected to waive all rights under the EEOC for other claims such as harassment.
    • The OWBPA dictates that employees who agree to and sign an early retirement release waive any and all legal claims pertaining to unlawful acts committed by the company or persons of the company.
  13. Bookmark question for laterAfter looking at the layoff and separation plans, the Finance Manager suggested that the easiest way to protect company profitability is to cut those with the highest pay. How should the HR Manager respond to this perspective?
    • Finance does not have any actual involvement in the decision-making process for who will be let go. The accountability rests on Human Resources to decide and then to inform other stakeholders of the actions.
    • Those that are highly compensated are also the decision-makers. Laying off all or most of the decision-makers will put the company at risk of complete failure.
    • In partnership with Finance, a re-distribution of wages may relieve the pressure of layoffs by structuring labor costs differently. The ADEA allows exceptions for bona fide executives’ wages to be reduced as a cost-cutting measure.
    • Those that are highly compensated and even possibly overqualified are usually more experienced workers over the age of 40. This criteria typically puts companies at risk of breaking ADEA laws.
  14. Bookmark question for laterDuring the most recent annual performance management training at E-Tronics, managers admitted struggling during termination discussions because it is uncomfortable to conduct terminations. What is the best advice HR can provide to managers?
    • Because most terminations are not anticipated and employees are caught off guard, managers should into detail about past performance evaluations so that employees can understand the complete rationale for the termination.
    • Recent research shows that emailing the termination decision is acceptable due to the highly accepted and universal usage of electronic communication in today’s culture. If managers really don’t want to speak in person, this is a viable option.
    • As termination discussions are difficult, managers should keep the meeting brief and highlight the main performance issues that led up to the termination decision. Active listening can also help diffuse potential frustrations exhibited by employees.
    • Managers should provide the rationale for the termination but be open and willing to hear the employees’ perspective in case the decision needs to be changed. Employees’ input at this stage is critical to avoid potential EEOC claims.
  15. Bookmark question for laterCompanies face both legislative and social pressure to take care of employees in many areas of life. In relation to the separation process, regardless of reasons for separation, why should HR departments pay special attention to COBRA?
    • Providing terminated employees certain rights under COBRA is critical so that the company can avoid potential EEOC claims.
    • Providing terminated employees certain rights under COBRA safeguards the company from potential ADEA claims for those over the age of 40.
    • Providing terminated employees certain rights under COBRA ensures that withdrawals from ERISA backed accounts occur without tax penalties.
    • Providing terminated employees certain rights under COBRA allows continued coverage under group health plans.
  16. Bookmark question for laterAn E-Tronics Operations Manager recently transferred from a non-union plant and is now faced with the task of collaborating with HR to identify impacted groups for layoffs. This manager has not worked in a union environment where a collective bargaining agreement (CBA) is in place. His recommendation for layoffs is to follow the same method used at his previous plant, which is to base the decision on performance. Why is this approach not possible in the present situation?
    • The layoff provisions of the CBA first call for a review of the 9-box grid to understand how many union members are in the lower quartiles and how many are not.
    • The layoff provisions of the CBA require 60 day notice to be given to union employees before they can be impacted by layoffs.
    • The layoff provisions of the CBA outline that separations need to be based on seniority, not variables such as performance.
    • The layoff provisions of the CBA require union employees to complete the 90 day probationary period before they can be impacted by layoffs.

Submit Assessment

Only the internal analysis is useful to explain the strategic competitiveness and above-average-return of a business in the market, because it is focused on the internal attributes of a business and identify the most valuable attributes in it. Do you agree or disagree with above statement. Why? Please discuss it briefly.

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There are two approaches or two models – the external analysis (the general environment, the industry environment and the competition environment) and internal analysis (resources, capabilities and core competencies, as well as value chain) in general in strategic management.  Only the internal analysis is useful to explain the strategic competitiveness and above-average-return of a business in the market, because it is focused on the internal attributes of a business and identify the most valuable attributes in it.

Do you agree or disagree with above statement. Why? Please discuss it briefly.

The main purpose of this paper is to define the nature and scope of the ethical theory in a way that shows how the core principle(s) of that theory lead to a specific moral conclusion on your ethical question.

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Applying an Ethical Theory

[WLO: 4] [CLOs: 1, 2, 3, 4]

Please read these assignment instructions before writing your paper as they contain very precise and specific instructions on both the content and format requirements. You should download the provided outlinePreview the document and use that to structure your paper, and also consult the assignment guidancePreview the document and modeled examplePreview the document for additional help. Finally, before submitting your assignment please use the checklistPreview the document to ensure that you have completed all of the requirements.

Overview

This course has three written assignments that build upon one another and are designed to take you step-by-step through a process of writing a paper that identifies an ethical question, examines the context, issues, and arguments surrounding the question, and attempts to defend an answer to that question using strong moral reasoning.

This second written assignment is a four-part exercise comprised of the following sections:

  1. Ethical Question
  2. Introduction
  3. Explanation of the Ethical Theory
  4. Application of the Ethical Theory

For sections (1) and (2) revise and expand on what you did in the first assignment.

Sections (3) and (4) are new.

The main purpose of this paper is to define the nature and scope of the ethical theory in a way that shows how the core principle(s) of that theory lead to a specific moral conclusion on your ethical question. Another way to think of this is to explain how someone who is fully committed to the moral reasoning of the ethical theory would answer your ethical question (even if it is not necessarily how you would answer the question).

The assignment should be 900 to 1,000 words, written in essay form with clearly labeled sections as indicated below, and include a title page and reference page.

Part 1: Ethical Question

State the ethical question beneath this heading.

  • This question should be on the same topic as the question presented in the week one assignment, and if necessary, revised based on your instructor’s comments and the additional insight and information you have gained from research on the topic. If you would like to switch topics, you should first consult with your instructor.

Place your ethical question beneath the Part 1: Ethical Question heading.

Part 2: Introduction

Provide an introduction to the topic and question.

  • This should be revised and expanded from the Week 1 Introduction in light of your instructor’s comments and the additional insight and information you have gained from research on the topic.
  • For instance, you may find that your original ideas about the issue have changed and clarified, that the focus of the ethical question has shifted or become more specific, and/or that there are important background and contextual details that need to be explained.
  • The revised introduction should reflect your additional thinking on the scope and significance of the ethical issue, and address any feedback provided by your instructor.
  • The introduction should be at least 300 words in one or two paragraphs.

Place the introduction material under the Part 2: Introduction heading.

Part 3: Explanation of the Ethical Theory

Ethical theories provide accounts of how to reason well about moral questions and of what justifies answers to those questions. In this section of the paper, you will discuss either the ethical theory of utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics.

You should not discuss your topic in this section, but focus only on the ethical theory.

The discussion should include the following elements:

  • A brief account of the historical background of the theory and the philosopher(s) associated with it.
  • An explanation of the core moral principle of the theory, or if there is more than one, the principle that you will focus on in applying that theory to your question.
  • A brief, general explanation of how the theory and its core moral principle applies to moral questions, using an example different from the issue that is the main focus of your paper. (For example, if your focus is on how deontology applies to using animals in medical research, you could explain Kant’s moral theory by discussing how it would apply to an issue like lying for the sake of the greater good.)
  • This section should focus only on the ethical theory. For instance, if you are discussing physician-assisted suicide from a utilitarian perspective, this section should only discuss utilitarianism in general terms; you should not discuss physician-assisted suicide, euthanasia, or other related topics until the next section.
  • The discussion should be around 300 words and must incorporate at least one quote from the required resources on the ethical theory you have chosen to discuss.  Required resources include the textbook chapter focused on that theory (3, 4, or 5) or the “Primary Sources” listed at the end of Chapters 3-5.

Place this section under the Part 3: Ethical Theory heading.

Part 4: Application of the Ethical Theory

Now that you have explained in general terms the core principle of the ethical theory you are focusing on in this paper, you will apply that theory and its core principle to your ethical question.

  • Explain as clearly and precisely as you can how that principle leads to a particular conclusion.
  • You can think of that conclusion as the answer someone would most likely give to your question if they were reasoning along the utilitarian, deontological, or virtue ethics lines you explained in Part 3.
  • Note: This conclusion does not need to be the same as the position you stated in the Week 1 assignment. In fact, it could be the opposing position you discussed there. See the remarks about main purpose of the paper above.
  • This section should be around 300 words.

Place this section under the Part 4: Application of the Ethical Theory section.

In your paper,

  • Identify the ethical question.
  • Introduce the topic and question.
  • Explain the ethical theory of utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics.
  • Apply the selected ethical theory to the ethical question.

The Applying an Ethical Theory paper

  • Must be 900 words in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center’s APA Style (Links to an external site.) resource.
  • Must include a separate title page with the following:
    • Title of paper
    • Student’s name
    • Course name and number
    • Instructor’s name
    • Date submitted

For further assistance with the formatting and the title page, refer to APA Formatting for Word 2013 (Links to an external site.).

Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. See the Formatting Your References List (Links to an external site.) resource in the Ashford Writing Center for specifications.

Carefully review the Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.) for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

what are your thoughts on practice differences between the RN and the BSN prepared nurse? What have you heard (if anything)? Think about the differences between the 2 year RN and the BSN… If you have not had any experience or contact to draw upon, ask someone! (a nurse you might know, someone else at the college, check online resources, etc)

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what are your thoughts on practice differences between the RN and the BSN prepared nurse? What have you heard (if anything)? Think about the differences between the 2 year RN and the BSN… If you have not had any experience or contact to draw upon, ask someone! (a nurse you might know, someone else at the college, check online resources, etc)

Post an explanation of one moral development theory and its connection to the act of bullying. Be sure to frame your explanation within the context of cyber and other bullying that persists in social media and communication technologies used by adolescents.

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Bullying is not a new phenomenon, but social media and communication technologies have introduced a breadth and depth to which public shaming, targeted taunting, and bullying have manifested. For this Discussion, consider how bullying has changed and how it has remained the same in light of modern technology.

By Day 3

Post an explanation of one moral development theory and its connection to the act of bullying. Be sure to frame your explanation within the context of cyber and other bullying that persists in social media and communication technologies used by adolescents. Also explain how bullying has changed and how it has remained the same in light of modern technology. Please use the Learning Resources to support your answer.

By Day 5

Respond to a colleague’s post by offering an additional development theory and explaining its connection to the act of bullying. Please use the Learning Resources to support your answer.

Discuss the power of vision as it relates to leadership effectiveness. What forces, people, and events have influenced current attitudes toward leadership in the American workplace?

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 Discuss the power of vision as it relates to leadership effectiveness. What forces, people, and events have influenced current attitudes toward leadership in the American workplace?

In a 800-word paper, describe a treatment group that would help Helen Petrakis in one of the following areas: (a) caregiving, (b) sandwich generation, (c) serving as a family member of an individual with addiction.

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Assignment 1: Planning a Group

When a client is dealing with several problems at one time, it can be difficult to determine which type of treatment group would be most beneficial. Some types of treatment groups may overlap in addressing certain problems or issues. The literature is helpful in assisting the clinical social worker in determining the type, purpose, and goals of the treatment group.

For this Assignment, review the “Petrakis Family” case history and video session.

In a 800-word paper, describe a treatment group that would help Helen Petrakis in one of the following areas: (a) caregiving, (b) sandwich generation, (c) serving as a family member of an individual with addiction.

  • Review and briefly summarize      the literature about the social issue that is the focus of your group      (caregiving, sandwich generation, or addictions).
  • Write a plan that includes      the following elements:
    • Type of treatment group
    • Purpose of the group
    • Membership
    • Method to recruit
    • Composition
    • Size
    • Open/closed
    • Monitoring

Must contain at least 4 references and citations from the following materials:

Post a scenario that illustrates how bullying experienced by one adolescent may change the experience of another who witnesses it.

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Bearing witness to trauma has its own set of consequences. Watching repeated episodes of bullying can evoke strong emotional and behavioral responses from an adolescent. During the impressionable stage of social development in adolescents, these experiences can contribute to a change in perception about the ways people should and do treat each other. Furthermore, ongoing exposure to this behavior can jeopardize an adolescent’s healthy social development. For this Discussion, consider how the act of bullying experienced by one adolescent may change the experience of another who witnesses it.

By Day 5

Post a scenario that illustrates how bullying experienced by one adolescent may change the experience of another who witnesses it. Then address the availability of any social work intervention, skill, or practice that might change this cycle of events. Please use the Learning Resources to support your answer.

By Day 7

Respond to a colleague’s post by expanding on how the act of bullying can affect the psychological development of both victim and observer. Then offer an additional social work intervention, skill, or practice that might change this cycle of events. Please use the Learning Resources to support your answer.

The practice of a caregiver being fully available without directing the action is known as quantitative time. wants-something quality time. wants-nothing quality time. floor time.

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LESSON FOCUS ON THE CAREGIVER

Select the best answer for the question.

  1. Who should determine when a child should start eating solid food?
  2. American Academy of Pediatrics
  3. Caregivers
  4. Parents
  5. Managers of the facility

 

  1. Timing and are important skills for caregivers to use to facilitate infant-toddler social play.
  2. arts and crafts
  3. powerful voices
  4. creativity in directing activities
  5. selective intervention

 

 

  1. The practice of a caregiver being fully available without directing the action is known as
  2. quantitative time.
  3. wants-something quality time.
  4. wants-nothing quality time.
  5. floor time.

 

  1. The cognitive domain is related to
  2. the brain.
  3. feelings.
  4. behavior.
  5. the body.

 

  1. The social-emotional domain is related to
  2. the body.
  3. behavior.
  4. the brain.
  5. feelings.

 

  1. Resistance to being diapered is a sign of
  2. stubbornness.
  3. growth.
  4. self-will.
  5. impatience.

 

  1. Which one of the following statements most clearly describes the “problem of the match”?
  2. Children are most attentive when a teacher is talking about information they already are familiar
  3. Caregivers should consider activities that are too easy for children, so they feel successful.
  4. The more children are challenged, the more they’ll pay attention to new material.
  5. Children should be challenged optimally beyond their current mental abilities.

 

  1. When you speak naturally to children, you can teach them all of the following except
  2. behavior skills.
  3. language and speaking skills.
  4. listening skills.
  5. words and language in context.

 

  1. If your body movement and appearance says one thing and your words say something else, you’re
  2. providing an opportunity for clear communication.
  3. sending two potentially conflicting messages.
  4. offering several useful modes of communication.
  5. sending two clear messages at once.

 

  1. Caregivers create curriculum out of play by
  2. encouraging the children to pursue specific objectives.
  3. creating outcome-driven activities.
  4. restricting the allocation of resources.
  5. aiding children in the pursuit of their interests.

 

  1. Developmentally appropriate practice is
  2. pushing children to the next developmental milestone before they’re ready.
  3. the same for every child.
  4. based on the caregiver’s culture.
  5. based on research and child development.

 

  1. How does a happening differ from an activity?
  2. Happenings don’t require intention from caregivers, but activities do.
  3. Happenings have predetermined outcomes, and activities are more free-flowing.
  4. Happenings are more complex tian activities.
  5. Happenings can be simple or complex and are child-led, where as activities are adult-directec

 

  1. Two-year-old Adam falls and bumps his head quite hard. He sits up and starts to cry, rubs his head, and almost immediately goes back to

what he was doing. What characteristic is Adam exhibiting?

  1. Modeling
  2. Attachment
  3. Resilience
  4. Self-help skills

 

  1. A caregiver can provide feedback by
  2. setting a good example.
  3. giving clear statements to help children learn the consequences of their actions.
  4. meeting children’s needs without manipulative motives.
  5. discussing the child’s situation with his or her parents.

 

  1. What’s the belief behind a primary-caregiver system?
  2. All caregivers working in a large group of children of mixed ages, in which children are free to form their own groups for play across age and gender

lines.

  1. Care for infants, toddlers, and primary students should take place in mixed-age groups divided by sex.
  2. Paying special attention to three or four children promotes a stronger attachment.
  3. Infant-toddler classrooms should have 1:1 ratio.

 

  1. Which one of the following is not an adult role in infant and toddler play?
  2. Providing time, space, and materials
  3. Providing solutions to problems children encounter in their play
  4. Providing a safe environment
  5. Providing selective intervention

 

  1. Which of the following statements acknowledges a child’s inner delight?
  2. You must feel good about washing your hands by yourself!
  3. You’re amazing!
  4. You always learn so quickly!
  5. Good job!

 

  1. What is the best description of free play for toddlers?
  2. Play without caregiver monitoring
  3. Caregiver-led play that’s conducted outdoors whenever possible
  4. Play that’s undirected by staff members
  5. Play using equipment that’s low- or no-cost

 

  1. Which of the following would be a good way to ensure toddlers are able to nap during the day?
  2. Allow children to become sufficiently tired, which is often characterized by irritability.
  3. Keep them subdued from arrival until after lunch.
  4. Enlist the help of parents, who can wake toddlers an hour earlier than usual.
  5. Allow for plenty of fresh air and exercise.

 

 

  1. Which of the following groups of foods are not recommended for infants under six months because they may produce food allergies?
  2. Tomato and nut products
  3. Dairy, meat, and poultry proteins
  4. Wheat cereals, eggs, citrus fruits, and nut-based products
  5. Citrus fruits, exotic vegetables, and out-of-season fruits

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. The brain reaches nearly 90% of its adult weight by years of age.

 

  1. 16

 

  1. 3

 

  1. 2

 

  1. 6

 

  1. How can caregivers best support an infant’s sense of hearing?
  2. Play music and videos in the background throughout the entire day
  3. Expose infants to very quiet sounds only
  4. Create an environment with constant sound
  5. Expose infants to new sounds and balance with quiet times so they can appreciate differences in sound

 

  1. Sensory integration is critical to the development of
  2. perception.
  3. dendrite pruning.
  4. sense organs.
  5. a dynamic system.

 

  1. Infants internalize what they take in through their senses and
  2. forget it immediately.
  3. display it in physical movements.
  4. show no signs of remembering it.
  5. vocalize it.

 

  1. At what age does trust usually begin to develop?
  2. 7 to 18 months
  3. 36 months
  4. Birth to six months
  5. 24 month

 

  1. As infants experience the world, connections called are formed in their brains.
  2. synapses
  3. axons
  4. dendrites
  5. neurons

 

  1. When toddlers spend time wandering, carrying things, and putting them down seemingly at random,
  2. they’re developing their gross motor skills.
  3. it’s a sign that they may be experiencing a developmental delay.
  4. it means they haven’t developed sufficient hand strength.
  5. it’s a sign that they’re probably bored.

 

  1. The two individuals most closely related to cognitive development in children are
  2. Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky.
  3. James Hymes and J. McVicker Hun.
  4. Erik Erikson and Magda Gerbler.
  5. Albert Bandura and Emmi Pikler.

 

  1. Which of the following tastes are infants most receptive to?
  2. Sweet
  3. Sour
  4. Bitter
  5. Salty

 

  1. If babies are consistently placed on their backs without any restrictions, what will happen to their development?
  2. Their ability to roll over, crawl, and eventually walk is hindered.
  3. They suffer from weakness in certain muscle groups.
  4. They learn to roll over, crawl, and eventually walk on their own.
  5. They suffer brain damage from the pressure on the back of the head.

 

  1. Infants learn
  2. identification when they become aware that objects exist even when they can’t see them.
  3. sensory permanence
  4. figments of imagination
  5. object permanence

 

  1. At about 10-12 months, babies fear losing their mother or other primary caregiver. This happens because they
  2. fear strangers.
  3. don’t understand object permanence.
  4. know that everyone dies.
  5. don’t want to learn autonomy.

 

  1. The ability to take in sensory information and organize it is called
  2. perception.
  3. neural pathway development.
  4. sensory integration.
  5. consumption.

 

  1. Interactional synchrony can best be described as
  2. a process in which adults interact with the purpose of teaching infants a new skill.
  3. a mismatch between what a caregiver is saying and his or her tone of voice.
  4. an “emotional dance” in which caregiver and baby send each other important signals and share emotions, esp
  5. an interaction where the caregiver is trying to make a crying infant happy.

 

  1. Much fine motor development in toddlers comes from encouraging them in what kind of tasks?
  2. Dumping and filling tasks
  3. Large muscle activities such as climbing and crawling
  4. Self-help tasks such as using eating utensils and pouring
  5. Writing tasks such as name writing

 

  1. Which of the following statements is true of young children’s vision?
  2. Coordinated eye movement happens from birth.
  3. Infants develop 20/20 vision around 12 months
  4. Infants prefer blue shades to red.
  5. A newborn infant’s eyes are focused at about 8 inches.

 

  1. What’s the difference between the approaches of Nancy Bayley and Emmi Piker when it comes to evaluating babies’ development
  2. Bale’s research was based on babies 0-6 months and Picklers research was based on ages 0-3
  3. There’s not much difference between their approaches -Bayley was a student of Pikler.
  4. Bayley evaluates babies through testing by manipulating them to see what they do; Pikler observes what they do on their own.
  5. Pikler’s evaluation methods are based on testing situations while Bayley’s are meant to be diagnostic.

 

 

 

  1. Specialized nerve cells are called
  2. neurons.
  3. genes.
  4. synapses.
  5. axons.

 

  1. Which one of the following actions is an example of a tactile sensation?
  2. Walking in bare feet
  3. Tasting something sour
  4. Hearing a piano
  5. Smelling a rose

 

  1. Children begin to use tools at about what age?
  2. 2 years
  3. 18 months
  4. 6 months
  5. 1 year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. Adaptability, attention span, and quality of mood are all characteristics of
  2. conditioning.
  3. emotions.
  4. temperament.
  5. feelings.

 

  1. Which of the following examples of emotional behaviors are displayed by infants up to 8 months?
  2. Aggression
  3. Showing pride in accomplishments
  4. Laughing
  5. Showing fearfulness of the dark and the unknown

 

  1. Prosocial behavior is related to the concept of
  2. autonomy.
  3. self-esteem.
  4. negativism.
  5. altruism.

 

  1. A child who says “Me can do it” is exhibiting a spirit of
  2. prosocial behavior.
  3. autonomy.
  4. trust.
  5. negativism.

 

  1. The most common self-calming device for infants is
  2. holding someone’s hand.
  3. thumb sucking.
  4. crying.
  5. taking a nap.

 

  1. As infants grow into toddlers, the causes of their fear will
  2. stay the same.
  3. disappear.
  4. increase.
  5. change.

 

 

 

 

  1. How early in life do children become attached to specific person?
  2. 0-3 months
  3. 6-9 months
  4. 3-6 months
  5. 9-12 months

 

  1. When working with infants and toddlers with disabilities, intervention should be
  2. autonomous, altruistic, and limiting.
  3. individualized, flexible, and responsive.
  4. repetitive and mundane.
  5. rote, routine, and responsive.

 

  1. Two-year-old Amelia has been playing with the same toy for more than a half hour. Based on this information, we would say that Amelia has

achieved a relatively high

  1. level of distractibility.
  2. activity level.
  3. level of rhythmicity.
  4. attention span.

 

 

  1. Self-calming devices appear on average at
  2. one year old.
  3. two years old.
  4. three years old.
  5. birth.

 

  1. What theorist focused on the area of trust?
  2. Abraham Maslow
  3. Jean Piaget
  4. Erik Erikson
  5. Emmi Pikler

 

  1. Which one of the following statements about prosocial behavior is accurate?
  2. Adults and caregivers shouldn’t interfere in the development of children’s prosocial behavior.
  3. Prosocial behavior can be taught.
  4. Prosocial behavior usually develops by itself around the age of one year.
  5. Most children innately behave in a prosocial behavior manner.

 

  1. Jacob wants some cereal at snack time. His caregiver goes to pour the cereal in the bowl, and Jacob says, “No, me do it.” Which of Eriksc

stages of psychosocial development is he exhibiting?

  1. Initiative
  2. Guilt
  3. Autonomy
  4. Trust

 

  1. Which of the following may be considered warning signs of a communication disorder for a mobile infant (6 to 18 month
  2. Often misunderstood by others
  3. Misunderstanding questions most of the time
  4. Using only short, simple sentences
  5. Limited or no interest in interacting in a familiar environment

 

  1. Which one of the following questions would best foster language development in a child?
  2. Did you ride your bike today?
  3. Would you like strawberries with your lunch?
  4. What did you do at the park today?
  5. Did you see the new puppy?

 

  1. Infants learn their native language through
  2. social language opportunities with other infants.
  3. hearing certain sound patterns with regularity in the first 12 months.
  4. frequent read alouds with a familiar adult.
  5. natural instinct.

 

  1. The key in the development of a child’s expressive language is
  2. something determined by genetics.
  3. the response of an adult.
  4. the child’s home environment.
  5. the child’s ability to use words early.

 

  1. In helping infants and toddlers cope with anger, all of the following are helpful except
  2. providing for their physical needs.
  3. denying the anger.
  4. preventing possible frustration.
  5. examining how you cope with anger.

 

  1. True receptive language occurs when children
  2. react to the pitch and tone of a speaker’s voice.
  3. make eye contact with a speaker.
  4. smile when spoken to.
  5. respond to the meaning of words.

 

  1. When promoting

prosocial behavior, it’s important to do all of the following except

  1. model prosocial behaviors yourself.
  2. assert power in resolving conflict.
  3. follow a consistent daily routine.
  4. encourage cooperation.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Submit a 2-3 page reaction to this statement of the National Association of Social Workers (NASW). Describe what you think is the role of social workers in equal rights and access to LGBTQ populations. Next provide a detailed explanation of your reaction to the United Nations Address on Global LGBT Rights.

/in /by

The LGBTQ community continues to experience incidences of prejudice and bias. Not only are these prejudices exemplified in interpersonal interactions through slurs and violent acts but also in the policies maintained in social work agencies and institutions. On June 26, 2015, the United States Supreme Court extended marriage rights to same-sex partners. Since this ruling, the federal government has extended all federal and military/veteran benefits to married same-sex couples. Despite this progress, states continue to debate laws and policies that would legalize forms of discrimination toward LGBTQ individuals. Advocacy organizations, such as the Human Rights Campaign, provide policy maps showing the different rights provided in different states (see https://www.hrc.org/state-maps). Social workers are expected to fight to eliminate these inequalities throughout communities, programs, and institutions.

Around the world, members of the LGBTQ community continue to struggle for their rights. In some countries, they have made some progress. In 2016, 20 countries legally recognized marriage for same-sex couples (Human Rights Campaign, 2016). However, in other countries, the LGBTQ community faces much greater obstacles, and the consequences of fighting for basic rights are grave for both LGBTQ individuals and allies. Being gay is a crime punishable by death in 10 countries and is illegal in a total of 73 countries (Human Rights Campaign, 2016). Because of the violence and social exclusion experienced globally, LGBTQ individuals may seek refugee status because of their sexual orientation or gender identity/expression (UN High Commissioner for Refugees [UNHCR], 2016).

Submit a 2-3 page reaction to this statement of the National Association of Social Workers (NASW). Describe what you think is the role of social workers in equal rights and access to LGBTQ populations. Next provide a detailed explanation of your reaction to the United Nations Address on Global LGBT Rights. Then, explain why, in the context of practicing social work in North America, it is important for us to acknowledge and address sexual orientation and gender diversity of marginalized populations across the world. Explain the role of social workers on an international level in relation to the rights of the LGBTQ community. Identify specific skills and actions you would employ as an advocate.

https://www.hrc.org/resources/state-equality-index

https://www.hrc.org/resources/international

https://www.refworld.org/docid/566140454.html